Skip to main content

System Debugging Techniques

System debugging — bu Linux tizimida muammolarni aniqlash, tahlil qilish va tuzatish uchun ishlatiladigan usullar va asboblar majmuasi. To‘g‘ri debugging texnikalari yordamida tizimdagi xatoliklar, resurs muammolari va dastur nosozliklarini tez va samarali hal qilish mumkin.

Asosiy Debugging Bosqichlari​

  1. Muammoni aniqlash — simptomlarni va xatoliklarni to‘plash
  2. Tahlil qilish — loglar, statuslar va resurslarni tekshirish
  3. Izolyatsiya — muammoni cheklash va sababini aniqlash
  4. Tuzatish — muammoni bartaraf qilish va test qilish

Muhim Debugging Asboblari​

1. Loglarni tahlil qilish​

  • Tizim loglari: 
    tail -f /var/log/syslog
    tail -f /var/log/messages
    tail -f /var/log/dmesg
  • Xizmat loglari: 
    journalctl -xe
    cat /var/log/nginx/error.log

2. Process va resurs monitoring​

  • Faol jarayonlar: 
    top
    htop
    ps aux
  • Resurslar: 
    free -h
    vmstat 1
    iostat

3. Network debugging​

  • Tarmoq ulanishlari: 
    netstat -tulnp
    ss -tulnp
    lsof -i
  • Ping va traceroute: 
    ping 8.8.8.8
    traceroute google.com

4. Disk va fayl tizimi muammolari​

  • Disk holati: 
    df -h
    du -sh /*
    lsblk
  • Fayl tizimi xatoliklari: 
    dmesg | grep -i error
    smartctl -a /dev/sda

5. Kernel va modul debugging​

  • Kernel loglari: 
    dmesg
    uname -a
  • Modul statusi: 
    lsmod
    modinfo modul_nomi

6. Xizmatlarni debugging​

  • Xizmat statusi: 
    systemctl status service_name
    systemctl restart service_name
    journalctl -u service_name

Advanced Debugging Usullari​

  • strace — jarayonni system call darajasida tahlil qilish: 
    strace -p PID
    strace ./myapp
  • gdb — dastur debugging (C/C++): 
    gdb ./myapp
  • tcpdump — tarmoq trafikini tahlil qilish: 
    tcpdump -i eth0 port 80

Eng Yaxshi Amaliyotlar​

  • Har doim loglarni birinchi tekshiring
  • Muammoni izolyatsiya qiling va sababini aniqlang
  • Debugging jarayonini hujjatlashtiring
  • Test muhitda tuzatishlarni sinab ko‘ring
  • Monitoring va alertlarni yoqing

Foydali Havolalar​

System debugging texnikalari yordamida Linux tizimida har qanday muammoni tez va professional tarzda aniqlash va tuzatish mumkin!